Actually most of the times who are not prone to technology and it’s technical terms, obviously such people will not be knowing what is quantum cryptography?
Quantum cryptography is a technology that uses quantum physics to secure the distribution of symmetric encryption keys.
A more accurate name for it is quantum key distribution (QKD).
It works by sending photons, which are “quantum particles” of light, across an optical link.
The various QKD protocols are designed to ensure that any attempt by an eavesdropper to observe the transmitted photons will indeed perturb the transmission.
QKD implementation requires interactions between the legitimate users. These interactions need to be authenticated. This can be achieved through various cryptographic means.
Quantum cryptography, or quantum key distribution (QKD), uses a series of photons (light particles) to transmit data from one location to another over a fiber optic cable.
ADVANTEGES OF QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY:
The photons travel to a receiver, which uses two beam splitters (horizontal/vertical and diagonal) to “read” the polarization of each photon.
1.It revolutionizes secure communication by providing security based on fundamental laws of physics instead of mathematical algorithms or computing technologies used today.
2.It is virtually un hackable.
3.It is simple to use.
4.Less resources are needed in order to maintain it.
5.It is used to detect eavesdropping in QKD (Quantum Key Distribution). This is due to the fact that it is not possible to copy the data encoded in quantum state. If someone tries to read such encoded data then quantum state changes the existing state.
6.The performance of such cryptography systems is continuously improved. This results into its quick adoption in encrypting most valuable secrets of the government and industries.
DISADVANTEGES OF QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY:
The world wide implementation of this can take up lots of jobs and hence unemployment will increase.
1.While traveling through the channel (i.e. optical fiber or air), there is possibility of change in polarization of photon due to various causes.
2.Quantum cryptography lacks many vital features such as digital signature, certified mail etc.
3. Need of dedicated channel is must between source and destinations which implies high cost. It is impossible to send keys to two or more different locations using a quantum channel as multiplexing is against quantum’s principles. This demands separate channels between source and many destinations. This is major disadvantage of quantum communication through optical channel.
4.The largest distance supported by QKD is about 250 KM at a speed of 16 bps through guided medium.
CONCLUSION ON WHAT IS QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY:
Quantum cryptography is not as simple as we all thought. but when start getting about the topic we gradually adopt it and become excel. having some sort of knowledge on these topic may enhance the knowledge and also be helpfull .
